4/21/2026 at 3:53:09 PM
> Donaldson, now 42, is a self-taught hacker who never finished school, was briefly unhoused, and spent most of his twenties in a “positive hardcore punk band.” “It’s cool being smart,” he told me. “But if you can’t pay your bills, you’re a dumbass.”> The domain “Copperhead.co” was registered by Donaldson in 2014 and incorporated in 2015 under both Donaldson’s and Micay’s names. The idea was that shares would be split equally, with Donaldson as CEO and Micay as de facto chief technology officer. Their flagship product
It sounds to me like some "business" characters I know well. They "handle the business" while someone else does 99% of the actual work, then ask to split 50/50. This didn't work out for Donaldson, and now he spends his time harassing Micay? Is that the gist or am I misreading?
by gslepak
4/21/2026 at 4:01:15 PM
> They "handle the business" while someone else does 99% of the actual work, then ask to split 50/50.As a response, Micay decided to destroy the update signing keys for all the CopperheadOS devices out in the wild. Resulting in financial damages to Donaldson.
Hardly a level-headed response, even if you disagree about the financial share of something.
by Avamander
4/21/2026 at 6:40:39 PM
That is a perfectly level-headed response. Signing keys must be protected. In the event of a hostile takeover, where a malicious party seeks to compromise the privacy and security of your userbase, destroying the keys is a sensible decision. Failure to do so, and successful compromise of the keys, will let the malicious party push whatever update they want, and it will be accepted due to being signed correctly.It was not a disagreement about shares, it was a hostile takeover. Someone who never owned the project sought to steal it.
by HybridStatAnim8
4/21/2026 at 8:51:21 PM
Exactly. It was a bold and necessary move to defend the users and the project. Some users got bricked OSes, but had he handed over the keys it would have put those users at risk and would have destroyed the credibility of the project. Also, and as from what I understood from the GOS response he was not an employee of the company and had the ownership of his OS, and CopperOS would have been able to use their own signing keys but they never did which is strange, so even legally it looks like a "level-headed" response.by latable
4/22/2026 at 12:01:26 AM
Important to note that users only stopped getting updates, the phones were not bricked and they can reinstall the OS signed with the new key.CopperheadOS was always's Micay's project and used his own signing key. The key never belonged to Copperhead the company afaik.
by TommyTran732
4/21/2026 at 5:06:44 PM
> Hardly a level-headed response, even if you disagree about the financial share of somethingAccording to the linked responses, the keys were not deleted because of disagreement over financial share, but over how the keys were to be used (in particular, in potentially dangerous security-wise ways), for which he did not want personal responsibility over (the keys belonged and used by him even before that project)
by freehorse
4/21/2026 at 5:21:15 PM
[flagged]by Avamander
4/21/2026 at 5:55:34 PM
Phantom Secure is directly named as one of the parties Donaldson was dealing with, with others being suspected:>Donaldson tried to make a deal with Phantom Secure, which ultimately didnt work out. Micay suspected other counterparties were linked to organized crime, but we cannot confirm those identities or ties on short notice. Donaldson began pursuing such deals before Micay left and continued afterward.
https://discuss.grapheneos.org/d/34369-original-grapheneos-r...
by ysnp
4/21/2026 at 11:55:03 PM
Stated by Micay/Graphene, who has also stated /e/ is in cahoots with the French government, CalyxOS is to thank for his swatting, F-Droid conspires against him and Rossman being a Kiwifarms supporter.You can't believe someone who has constantly claimed things without receipts.
by joemazerino
4/22/2026 at 5:57:19 AM
From what I've read I understand it is more like:/e/OS (recipient of EU funding) and iodéOS are European projects that have not been singled out by the French government in smearing despite them having the similar self-professed goals to GrapheneOS. That they had any influence at all on the French government directly is speculated but not asserted.
CalyxOS/Techlore are blamed for being complicit in escalating the animosity and furore around what were initially low-key fallouts/disagreements. This led to GrapheneOS/Micay escalating to defend themselves which unchecked fuelled a spiral of influencer content, vile spamming of CSAM in GrapheneOS rooms (I can personally attest these were some of the biggest on Matrix at the time and led to the team giving up on Matrix moderation and self-protection capabilities), intense public speculation/accusations about Micay's character/mental health etc. which eventually resulted in the swatting attempts.
F-Droid project members have publicly aired their dislike of Daniel as a result of direct or indirect disagreements and did have a software quirk that caused an issue for GrapheneOS/possibly other custom OSes' users due to their added permission (which the two parties again disagreed on). Conspires is loaded wording.
But I do not think it is productive for me to dredge up posts and potentially cause more misunderstandings as a complete outsider for something that is directly affecting someone's life like this. They (Micay/GrapheneOS) have posted detailed contextual snippets and information about what has happened so please contact them directly for reference to the original posts and discuss if you really wish to find out more.
by ysnp
4/21/2026 at 6:41:57 PM
The claims arent vague, they are quite specific in what happened. This wasnt spiteful and this wasnt disgruntled. It was the logical choice given the circumstances.by HybridStatAnim8
4/21/2026 at 7:03:00 PM
[flagged]by Avamander
4/21/2026 at 8:25:14 PM
Hey! On a quick introductory note, I'm the community manager and the person who was interviewed. Please, read questions 17, 25 and 26 and our respective answers to them in the linked forum thread. In particular the following parts that I'm pasting here for convenience:Question 17: Did your and Donaldson values begin to diverge? Was Donaldson more concerned with making money than you were?
Answer: [...] In 2018, matters between Micay and Donaldson came to a head over Donaldson’s desire to pursue business deals with criminal organizations, and his attempts to compromise the security of CopperheadOS, including by proposing license enforcement and remote updating systems that would allow third-parties to have access to users’ phones. As part of this process, Donaldson began to demand that Micay provide Donaldson with the “signing keys” - i.e. the credentials required to verify the authenticity of releases of CopperheadOS. Donaldson advised that, in order to secure certain new business, potential customers required access to the Keys.
The keys had been in continuous use by Micay, in his personal capacity, since before the incorporation of Copperhead. However, more importantly, any party with the keys could mark malicious software as “authentic”, and thereby infiltrate devices using CopperheadOS.
Micay was unwilling to participate in that kind of security breach. Since Donaldson had control over certain infrastructure for the open source project, he would be able to incorporate (or hire others to incorporate) the privacy-damaging features described above for all future releases of CopperheadOS. Micay therefore deleted the keys permanently and severed ties with Copperhead and Donaldson.
Question 25: Did things between you and Donaldson devolve when he approached you about a compliance audit? Did he tell you that he needed to know how the signing keys were stored?
From Wired:
We understand that Daniel's recollection was not that James wanted to know more information about how the signing keys were stored, but that he wanted direct access to them.
Question 26: Did you suspect his request was tied to a deal he was brokering with a large defense contractor? Did you believe this would put the entirety of CopperheadOS’ user base at risk?
Answer: Yes and yes.
The large defense contractor in question was Raytheon. The decision to destroy the signing keys was not based on a financial disagreement, but an existential one. Every single CopperheadOS user back then would have been compromised otherwise. It's of course a big deal given the implications, but it acted as a last resort for Daniel to stop a hostile takeover attempt fueled by greed, which he ultimately took because there was no other way out.
by spring-onion
4/21/2026 at 11:06:16 PM
Raytheon literally asked for the signing keys of CopperheadOS? After all this vagueposting around it, I find that hard to believe.Or is it just that Raytheon went against what he thought CopperheadOS stood for?
by Avamander
4/22/2026 at 12:31:59 PM
As part of a contract which Donaldson wanted to pursue, evidently at any cost.by spring-onion
4/21/2026 at 11:55:55 PM
Have any pieces of evidence to support this?by joemazerino
4/21/2026 at 4:21:37 PM
Sometimes deleting it all is the only principled action https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2013/aug/08/lavabit-e...by ForHackernews
4/21/2026 at 4:56:01 PM
IMO its a lovely paradox that no one can argue against such a deletion. Either the party choosing deletion is reasonable so there are grounds for deletion or unreasonable and they are the grounds for deletion.by torvoborvo
4/21/2026 at 4:15:14 PM
"Financial damages".So what? Causing someone financial damages isn't illegal. Your boss causes you financial damages when they fire you. Your competitor causes you financial damages when they offer a discount.
If Micay was a 50% owner, sounds like he didn't do anything illegal. Immature maybe, which simply puts him at parity with the other party involved.
by margalabargala
4/21/2026 at 6:48:20 PM
Deleting the signing keys for the sake of protecting ones users is the mature and responsible thing to do.by HybridStatAnim8
4/21/2026 at 4:18:58 PM
> Immature maybeYeah, that’s the issue. I don’t want people who behave immaturely, impulsively, or vindictively, having a key role in something as important as my phone os. I want stability, maturity, and thoughtfulness.
by kennywinker
4/21/2026 at 6:53:07 PM
That is what CopperheadOS, and now GrapheneOS, provides. Its a level of "battle tested" that most OS and app devs never have the opportunity to have. Deleting the signing keys during a hostile takeover attempt rather than submitting to pressure or greed is an amazing quality that is rare to find.by HybridStatAnim8
4/21/2026 at 8:39:45 PM
So what exactly would you have done? Risk the key being taken over by a shady entity? Does the alternative really scream "mature, stable, and thoughtful" to you?by TommyTran732
4/21/2026 at 8:59:42 PM
It looks like a very mature action to me: It certainly avoided the compromission of an OS that aims to be secure after all. It is not some windows OS with encryption keys sent to the cloud, so if security is compromised I fully expect targeted devices to break.by latable
4/21/2026 at 4:30:06 PM
Understandable wishes, but you might have to put something from yourself into it if this is a pressing concern. Or you will be left to your own corporate devices.by exceptione
4/21/2026 at 4:39:10 PM
What exactly are you suggesting? If i go help out at the graphene os project, that won’t change their leadership. Should I make my own fork?by kennywinker
4/21/2026 at 8:21:41 PM
The leadership is great. Persistent, patient and friendly.They were able to improve. I don't think many of the often negative and ad-hominem critics would be able to endure such a pressure as they had in the past.
by chappi42
4/21/2026 at 4:53:28 PM
The GOS (GrapheneOS) lead had responded to criticisms like yours that he gladly retreats inside his tech role if others would take it upon them to refute the claims from rivals. So if you are that balanced, normal person, you could take that work out of his hands. Or help fund a full time PR person.«In 2018, matters between Micay and Donaldson came to a head over Donaldson’s desire to pursue business deals with criminal organizations, and his attempts to compromise the security of CopperheadOS, including by proposing license enforcement and remote updating systems that would allow third-parties to have access to users’ phones. As part of this process, Donaldson began to demand that Micay provide Donaldson with the “signing keys” - i.e. the credentials required to verify the authenticity of releases of CopperheadOS. Donaldson advised that, in order to secure certain new business, potential customers required access to the Keys.»
Micay is rightfully paranoia, just having a GOS phone makes some government agencies quite mad. There are many ways a project like GOS could die, disinformation could certainly kill it. Other projects don't help the case if they throw mud at it. Rather, they should focus on their real technical shortcomings, but such articles aren't written somehow. https://eylenburg.github.io/android_comparison.htm
EDIT
> Should I make my own fork?
You could contact him to offer your help where he falls short.
by exceptione
4/22/2026 at 4:28:30 AM
Ah yes, i’ll definitely be volunteering my time to help with something i have no experience or qualifications about. Great idea.by kennywinker
4/21/2026 at 4:24:19 PM
Mental health and wellness issues in high tech research and development are everywhere. I would suggest that you focus on the product and what it can/cannot do for you.by cf100clunk
4/21/2026 at 4:28:10 PM
Suggest away. It’s still a factor in my decision making, because if I can’t trust the developers to behave well, i can’t trust the product to continue to do what it says it can do for me.by kennywinker
4/21/2026 at 6:57:47 PM
Destroying the signing keys in the midst of a hostile takeover is the responsible thing to do. Its for the safety of their users. Thats a commendable trait to have.by HybridStatAnim8
4/21/2026 at 9:01:41 PM
What does it means to "behave well" for you in this case ?by latable
4/21/2026 at 5:53:58 PM
When you have to trust the OS images generated by the authors it becomes a massive issue.by goodpoint
4/21/2026 at 6:59:03 PM
You always trust the developers of software. The only way to stop that is to not use the software.by HybridStatAnim8
4/21/2026 at 6:18:54 PM
[dead]by joyous_limes
4/21/2026 at 7:12:31 PM
Then avoid GrapheneOSby goodpoint
4/21/2026 at 4:49:10 PM
The path to maturity requires immaturity.by rigonkulous
4/21/2026 at 4:23:47 PM
Things aren't only bad if they're illegal. There's plenty of bad things one can do that are perfectly legal, and plenty of good things one can do that are totally illegal.by ryanmcbride
4/22/2026 at 2:02:22 AM
It's not clear to me that causing "financial damages" to the person described is even a bad thing.If you prevent your grandparent from getting scammed, you've caused financial damages to the scammer.
by margalabargala
4/21/2026 at 5:10:27 PM
And there are legal remedies to create deterrents without a court. Boycotts, journalism or new competition.by abnercoimbre
4/21/2026 at 4:17:21 PM
[flagged]by Avamander
4/21/2026 at 6:49:07 PM
More like the coordinates of a home were burned to protect its occupants. It was a practical choice, not an ideological one.by HybridStatAnim8
4/21/2026 at 4:24:35 PM
If you own something you can do what you want with it including rendering it uselessby dmbche
4/21/2026 at 4:36:35 PM
If you own all of it, yes. If you only own most of it, the minority owners do have some rights -- just fewer than you do.by amalcon
4/21/2026 at 6:50:18 PM
Micay owns the whole project. Ownership of the project was not exchanged or divided, part of the explicit terms of the agreement were that Micay would hold the keys and ownership of the project just as they always have.by HybridStatAnim8
4/21/2026 at 5:50:13 PM
Sure!by dmbche
4/21/2026 at 4:27:55 PM
[flagged]by Avamander
4/21/2026 at 6:51:18 PM
Thats a characteristic all modern OSs and modern apps have. You need to trust the key holders, always. Some people make their own builds for this reason. Depends on the threat model.by HybridStatAnim8
4/21/2026 at 7:02:09 PM
[flagged]by Avamander
4/21/2026 at 4:25:18 PM
The keys got wiped for way spookier reasons than Micay wanting money.Intelligence wanted in, and Donaldson seemingly would have been happy to oblige.
by DANmode
4/21/2026 at 4:34:09 PM
[flagged]by Avamander
4/21/2026 at 4:41:56 PM
From the story you’re commenting on:> From Wired:
> We understand that Daniel's recollection was not that James wanted to know more information about how the signing keys were stored, but that he wanted direct access to them.
> Did you suspect his request was tied to a deal he was brokering with a large defense contractor? Did you believe this would put the entirety of CopperheadOS’ user base at risk?
> Yes and yes.
by DANmode
4/21/2026 at 4:43:34 PM
[flagged]by Avamander
4/21/2026 at 6:45:49 PM
They were compromised. Greed overtook the principles on which the project was founded and put the project at risk. They agreed from the start that Micay would own the project and hold the keys. They explicitly accepted those terms. Despite this, they tried a hostile takeover anyway.Forking and building a separate build isnt dual signing, its just forking. You can do that right now with GrapheneOS and its build guide if you want.
Im not sure what you mean by the last part, GrapheneOS has been quite upfront with all of this from the start.
by HybridStatAnim8
4/21/2026 at 6:58:24 PM
[flagged]by Avamander
4/21/2026 at 5:02:11 PM
From a security-minded user perspective it makes sense to destroy keys when instead of a single entity I receive updates from I get another entity that is not equivalent, and half of my previous entity thinks that the other half is sus.by lostmsu
4/21/2026 at 5:11:48 PM
[flagged]by Avamander
4/21/2026 at 6:47:44 PM
It wasnt intelligence agency compromise, it was a business partner compromise, who intended to violate the privacy and security of their users. Nothing about this is done out of spite. Im not sure where youre getting that from. You just seem to be attacking peoples character for making the right choice given the circumstances.by HybridStatAnim8
4/21/2026 at 6:56:51 PM
[flagged]by Avamander
4/21/2026 at 4:35:30 PM
What is your source for this?by next_xibalba
4/21/2026 at 4:42:28 PM
TFA.Reddit and IRC/etc logs from the period are illuminating, too.
by DANmode