alt.hn

4/12/2026 at 10:38:45 PM

Taking on CUDA with ROCm: 'One Step After Another'

 https://www.eetimes.com/taking-on-cuda-with-rocm-one-step-after-another/

by mindcrime

4/12/2026 at 11:49:47 PM

Just spent the last week or so porting TheRock to stagex in an effort to get ROCm built with a native musl/mimalloc toolchain and get it deterministic for high security/privacy workloads that cannot trust binaries only built with a single compiler.

It has been a bit of a nightmare and had to package like 30+ deps and their heavily customized LLVM, but got the runtime to build this morning finally.

Things are looking bright for high security workloads on AMD hardware due to them working fully in the open however much of a mess it may be.

by lrvick

4/13/2026 at 2:06:05 AM

I also attempted to package ROCM on musl. Specifically, packaging it for Alpine Linux.

It truly is a nightmare to build the whole thing. I got past the custom LLVM fork and a dozen other packages, but eventually decided it had been too much of a time sink.

I’m using llama.cpp with its vulkan support and it’s good enough for my uses. Vulkan so already there and just works. It’s probably on your host too, since so many other things rely on it anyway.

That said, I’d be curious to look at your build recipes. Maybe it can help power through the last bits of the Alpine port.

by WhyNotHugo

4/13/2026 at 3:03:02 AM

Keep an eye out for a stable rocm PR to stagex in the next week or so if all goes well.

by lrvick

4/13/2026 at 12:35:44 AM

https://github.com/ROCm/TheRock/issues/3477 makes me quite sad for a variety of reasons. It shouldn't be like this. This work should be usable.

by jauntywundrkind

4/13/2026 at 12:53:55 AM

Oh I fully abandoned TheRock in my stagex ROCm build stack. It is not worth salvaging, but it was an incredibly useful reference for me to rewrite it.

by lrvick

4/13/2026 at 6:27:04 AM

So much about this confuses me. What do Kitty and ncurses have to do with ROCm? Why is this being built with GCC instead of clang? Why even bother building it yourself when the tarballs are so good and easy to work with?

by MrDrMcCoy

4/13/2026 at 8:45:20 AM

The analysis was AI generated. This was Claude brute-forcing itself through building a library.

by jeroenhd

4/13/2026 at 7:32:30 AM

On the last one: OP said they were trying to get it working for a musl toolchain, so the tarballs are probably not useful to them (I assume they're built for glibc).

Agreed on the others though. Why's it even installing ncurses, surely that's just expected to be on the system?

by CamouflagedKiwi

4/13/2026 at 1:27:10 AM

[flagged]

by hackernows_test

4/13/2026 at 2:52:29 AM

Wait ?

You don't trust Nvidia because the drivers are closed source ?

I think Nvidia's pledged to work on the open source drivers to bring them closer to the proprietary ones.

I'm hopping Intel can catch up , at 32GB of VRAM for around 1000$ it's very accessible

by 999900000999

4/13/2026 at 8:48:45 AM

Nvidia is opening their source code because they moved most of their source code to the binary blob they're loading. That's why they never made an open source Nvidia driver for Pascal or earlier, where the hardware wasn't set up to use their giant binary blobs.

It's like running Windows in a VM and calling it an open source Windows system. The bootstrapping code is all open, but the code that's actually being executed is hidden away.

Intel has the same problem AMD has: everything is written for CUDA or other brand-specific APIs. Everything needs wrappers and workarounds to run before you can even start to compare performance.

by jeroenhd

4/13/2026 at 10:08:41 AM

In the python eco system you can just replace CUDA with DirectML in at least one popular framework and it just runs. You are limited to windows then though.

by Asmod4n

4/13/2026 at 3:01:52 AM

Nvidia has been pledging that for years. If it ever actually happens, I am here for it.

by lrvick

4/13/2026 at 4:40:00 AM

It happened 2 years ago:

https://developer.nvidia.com/blog/nvidia-transitions-fully-t...

by shaklee3

4/13/2026 at 6:47:44 AM

Their userspace is still closed. ROCm is fully open.

by cyberax

4/13/2026 at 9:46:10 AM

Provided you happen to have one of those few supported GPUs.

Thus being open source isn't of much help without it.

by pjmlp

4/13/2026 at 3:28:12 AM

> Intel

For some workloads, the Arc Pro B70 actually does reasonably well when cached.

With some reasonable bring-up, it also seems to be more usable versus the 32gb R9700.

by cmxch

4/13/2026 at 6:20:59 AM

I have both of those cards. Llama.cpp with SYCL has thus far refused to work for me, and Vulkan is pretty slow. Hoping that some fixes come down the pipe for SYCL, because I have plenty of power for local models (on paper).

by MrDrMcCoy

4/13/2026 at 4:16:27 AM

>Just spent the last week or so porting TheRock to stagex in an effort to get ROCm built with a native musl/mimalloc toolchain and get it deterministic for high security/privacy workloads that cannot trust binaries only built with a single compiler.

...I have a feeling you might not be at liberty to answer, but... Wat? The hell kind of "I must apparently resist Reflections on Trusting Trust" kind of workloads are you working on?

And what do you mean "binaries only built using a single compiler"? Like, how would that even work? Compile the .o's with compiler specific suffixes then do a tortured linker invo to mix different .o's into a combined library/ELF? Are we talking like mixing two different C compilers? Same compiler, two different bootstraps? Regular/cross-mix?

I'm sorry if I'm pushing for too much detail, but as someone whose actually bootstrapped compilers/user spaces from source, your usecase intrigues me just by the phrasing.

by salawat

4/13/2026 at 1:57:15 AM

AMD has years of catching up to do with ROCm just to get their devices to work well. They don't support all their own graphics cards that can do AI, and when it is supported, it's buggy. The AMDGPU graphics driver for Linux has had continued instability since 6.6. I don't understand why they can't hire better software engineers.

by 0xbadcafebee

4/13/2026 at 3:32:23 AM

> I don't understand why they can't hire better software engineers.

Beyond the fact they're competing with the most valuable companies in the world for talent while being less than a decade past "Bet the company"-level financial distress?

by xethos

4/13/2026 at 10:15:01 AM

I don't think that you need top-of-the-line, $1M/yr TC people to revamp a build system.

by shakow

4/13/2026 at 2:26:06 AM

Because they aren't willing to pay for them?

by onlyrealcuzzo

4/13/2026 at 3:04:52 AM

Years. They neglected ROCm for soooo long. I have friends who worked there 5+ years ago who tried desperately to convince execs to invest more in ROCm and failed. You had to have your head stuck pretty deep in the sand back then to not see that AI was becoming an important workload.

I would love AMD to be competitive. The entire industry would be better off if NVIDIA was less dominant. But AMD did this to themselves. One hundred percent.

by oofbey

4/13/2026 at 3:16:12 AM

It would be very helpful to deeply understand the truth behind this management failing. The actual players involved, and their thinking. Was it truly a blind spot? Or was it mistaken priorities? I mean, this situation has been so obvious and tragic, that I can't help feeling like there is some unknown story-behind-the-story. We'll probably never really know, but if we could, I wouldn't spend quite as much time wearing a tinfoil hat.

by tux1968

4/13/2026 at 3:45:10 AM

if you asked AMD execs they'd probably say they never had the money to build out a software team like NVIDIA's. that might only be part of the answer. the rest would be things like lack of vision, "can't turn a tanker on a dime", etc.

by throwawayrgb

4/13/2026 at 10:17:24 AM

Has to be lack of vision. I refuse to believe it's impossible to _do_, but it sounds like it's impossible to _specify_ within AMD. Like they're genuinely incapable of working out what the solution might look like.

by pjc50

4/13/2026 at 8:31:14 AM

I don't buy that story. NVIDIA wasn't that huge of a company when they built CUDA, they weren't huge when the first GPT model was trained with it.

by KeplerBoy

4/13/2026 at 10:20:12 AM

They were doing stock buybacks before the AI boom.

by aurareturn

4/13/2026 at 3:54:41 AM

My guess is it’s just incompetence. Imagine you’re in charge of ROCm and your boss asks you how it’s going. Do you say good things about your team and progress? Do you highlight the successes and say how you can do all the major things CUDA can? I think many people would. Or do you say to your boss “the project I’m in charge of is a total disaster and we are a joke in the industry”? That’s a hard thing to say.

by oofbey

4/13/2026 at 4:48:43 AM

a 10 year lead can't be closed overnight but Intel had a even larger lead and look how the mighty have fallen.

by Shitty-kitty

4/13/2026 at 5:15:25 AM

Intel was never famous for good GPUs, and they are basically the only ones still trying to make something out of OpenCL, with most of the tooling going beyond what Khronos offers.

one API is much more than a plain old SYCL distribution, and still.

by pjmlp

4/13/2026 at 5:21:15 AM

I meant their CPU supremaciy. ;)

by Shitty-kitty

4/13/2026 at 6:08:02 AM

That still reigns in PCs and servers.

People like to talk about Apple CPUs, but keep forgetting they don't sell chips, and overall desktop market is around 10% world wide.

ARM is mostly about phones and tablets, good luck finally getting those Windows ARM or GNU/Linux desktop cases or laptops.

Servers, depends pretty much about which hyperscalers we are on.

RISC-V is still to be seen, on the desktop, laptops and servers.

Where AMD is doing great are game consoles.

by pjmlp

4/13/2026 at 9:00:19 AM

Intel still has 60% server market share but it is in free fall https://wccftech.com/intel-server-client-cpu-market-share-hu...

by cm2187

4/13/2026 at 9:49:08 AM

Interesting information, that leaves desktop and laptop markets, where AMD still has adoption issues especially on laptops.

by pjmlp

4/13/2026 at 9:55:14 AM

Between the MacBook Neo on the low end and Strix Halo on they high end Intel is in for some tougher laptop competition

by wlesieutre

4/13/2026 at 10:06:50 AM

Outside US, and countries with similar salary levels, people don't earn enough for Apple tax served with 8 GB.

by pjmlp

4/13/2026 at 9:53:55 AM

Also on pace to drop below AMD on the Steam hardware survey this year

by wlesieutre

4/13/2026 at 10:07:42 AM

The same Steam hardware survey whose quality is questioned about when we talk about Linux adoption numbers?

by pjmlp

4/13/2026 at 4:30:43 AM

> My guess is it’s just incompetence.

maybe on some level but not that level you're describing. pretty much everyone at AMD understands the situation, and has for a while.

by throwawayrgb

4/13/2026 at 6:52:20 AM

I'm team "taking on CUDA with OpenVINO" (and SYCL*), Intel seems really upped their game on iGPU and dGPU lately, with sane prices and fairly good software support and APIs.

I'm not talking gaming CUDA, but CV and data science workloads seem to scale well on Arc and work well on Edge on Core Ultra 2/3.

by mstaoru

4/13/2026 at 9:30:34 AM

A little feedback to AMD executives about the current status of ROCm here:

(1) - Supporting only Server grade hardware and ignoring laptop/consumer grade GPU/APU for ROCm was a terrible strategical mistake.

A lot of developers experiments first and foremost on their personal laptop first and scale on expensive, professional grade hardware later. In addition: some developers simply do not have the money to buy server grade hardware.

By locking ROCm only to server grade GPUs, you restrict the potential list of contributors to your OSS ROCm ecosystem to few large AI users and few HPC centers... Meaning virtually nobody.

A much more sensible strategy would be to provide degraded performance for ROCm on top of consummer GPUs, and this is exactly what Nvidia with CUDA is doing.

This is changing but you need to send a clear message there. EVERY new released device should be properly supported by ROCm.

- (2) Supporting only the two last generations of architecture is not what customers want to see.

https://rocm.docs.amd.com/projects/install-on-linux/en/docs-...

People with existing GPU codebase invests significant amount of effort to support ROCm.

Saying them two years later: "Sorry you are out of update now!" when the ecosystem is still unstable is unacceptable.

CUDA excels to backward compatibility. The fact you ignore it entirely plays against you.

(3) - Focusing exclusively on Triton and making HIP a second class citizen is non-sensical.

AI might get all the buzz and the money right now, we go it.

It might look sensible on the surface to focus on Python-base, AI focused, tools like Triton and supporting them is definitively necessary.

But there is a tremendous amount of code that is relying on C++ and C to run over GPU (HPC, simulation, scientific, imaging, ....) and that will remain there for the multiple decades to come.

Ignoring that is loosing, again, custumers to CUDA.

It is currently pretty ironic to see such a move like that considering that AMD GPUs currently tend to be highly competitive over FP64, meaning good for these kind of applications. You are throwing away one of your own competitive advantage...

(4) - Last but not least: Please focus a bit on the packaging of your software solution.

There has been complained on this for the last 5 years and not much changed.

Working with distributions packagers and integrating with them does not cost much... This would currently give you a competitive advantage over Nvidia..

by adev_

4/13/2026 at 9:54:29 AM

Additional points, CUDA is polyglot, and some people do care about writing their kernels in something else other than C++, C or Fortran, without going through code generation.

NVidia is acknowledging Python adoption, with cuTile and MLIR support for Python, allowing the same flexibility as C++, using Python directly even for kernels.

They seem to be supportive of having similar capabilities for Julia as well.

The IDE and graphical debuggers integration, the libraries ecosystem, which now are also having Python variants.

As someone that only follows GPGPU on the side, due to my interests in graphics programming, it is hard to understand how AMD and Intel keep failing to understand what CUDA, the whole ecosystem, is actually about.

Like, just take the schedule of a random GTC conference, how much of it can I reproduce on oneAPI or ROCm as of today.

by pjmlp

4/13/2026 at 1:27:50 AM

ROCm is not supported on some very common consumer GPUs, e.g. the RX 580. Vulkan backends work just fine.

by rdevilla

4/13/2026 at 2:50:32 AM

I purchased my RX 580 in early 2018 and used it through late 2024.

I am critical of AMD for not fully supporting all GPUs based on RNDA1 and RDNA2. While backwards compatibility is always better than less for the consumer, the RX 580 was a lightly-updated RX 480, which came out in 2016. Yes, ROCm technically came out in 2016 as well, but I don't mind acknowledging that it is a different beast to support the GCN architecture than the RDNA/CDNA generations that followed (Vega feels like it is off on an island of its own, and I don't even know what to say about it).

As cool as it would be to repurpose my RX 580, I am not at all surprised that GCN GPUs are not supported for new library versions in 2026.

I would be MUCH more annoyed if I had any RDNA1 GPU, or one of the poorly-supported RDNA2 GPUs.

by chao-

4/13/2026 at 3:57:18 AM

ROCm usually only supports two generations of consumer GPUs, and sometimes the latest generation is slow to gain support. Currently only RDNA 3 and RDNA 4 (RX 7000 and 9000) are supported: https://rocm.docs.amd.com/projects/install-on-linux/en/lates...

It's not ideal. CUDA for comparison still supports Turing (two years older than RDNA 2) and if you drop down one version to CUDA 12 it has some support for Maxwell (~2014).

by daemonologist

4/13/2026 at 5:59:34 AM

Worse, RDNA3 and RDNA4 aren't fully supported, and probably won't be, as they only focus on chips that make them more money. If we didn't have Vulkan, every nerd in the world would demand either a Mac or an Intel with Nvidia chip. AMD keeps leaving money on the table.

by 0xbadcafebee

4/13/2026 at 7:16:35 AM

Up until recently they didn't even support their cashcow Ryzen 395+ MAX properly. Idk about the argument that they only care about certain chips.

by lpcvoid

4/13/2026 at 5:37:26 AM

It's pretty crazy that a 6900XT/6950XT aren't supported.

by terribleperson

4/13/2026 at 7:48:50 AM

I have RX 6700XT, damn. AMD is shooting themselves in the foot

by kombine

4/13/2026 at 9:56:49 AM

Vulkan backends work just fine, provided one wants to be constrained by Vulkan developer experience without first class support for C++, Fortran and Python JIT kernels, IDE integration, graphical debugging, libraries.

by pjmlp

4/13/2026 at 2:26:40 AM

I have the same experience with my RX 5700. The supported ROCm version is too old to get Ollama running.

Vulkan backend of Ollama works fine for me, but it took one year or two for them to officially support it.

by maxloh

4/13/2026 at 2:05:50 AM

Did it used to be different?

A few years ago I thought I had used the ROCm drivers/libraries with hashcat on a RX580

Now it’s obsolete ?

by BobbyTables2

4/13/2026 at 2:01:40 AM

RX 580 is a GCN 4 GPU. I'm pretty sure the bare minimum for ROCm is GCN 5 (Vega) and up.

by hurricanepootis

4/13/2026 at 3:56:03 AM

Among consumer cards, latest ROCm supports only RDNA 3 and RDNA 4 (RX 7000 and RX 9000 series). Most stuff will run on a slightly older version for now, so you can get away with RDNA 2 (6000 series).

by daemonologist

4/13/2026 at 4:07:23 AM

I really want to get to the point that I am looking online for a GPU and Nvidia isn't the requirement. I think we are really close to there. Maybe we are there and my level of trust just needs to bump up.

by jmward01

4/13/2026 at 8:10:27 AM

Problem is, NVIDIA has so many quality of life features for developers. It's not easy getting especially smaller scale developers and academia to use other vendors that are 1) much more difficult to use while 2) also being slower and not as rich in features.

Personally I opted in to being NVIDIA-vendor-locked a couple of years ago because I just couldn't stand the insanely bonkers and pointless complexity of APIs like Vulkan. I used OpenGL before which supported all vendors, but because newer features weren't added to OpenGL I eventually had to make the switch.

I tried both Vulkan and CUDA, and after not getting shit done in Vulkan for a week I tried CUDA, and got the same stuff done in less than a day that I could not do in a whole week in Vulkan. At that moment I thought, screw it, I'm going to go NV-only now.

by m-schuetz

4/13/2026 at 10:02:20 AM

I did my thesis porting my supervisor's project from NeXTSTEP into Windows, was an OpenGL fanboy up to the whole Long Peaks disaster.

Additionally Vulkan has proven to be yet another extension mess (to the point now are actions try to steer it back on track), Khronos is like the C++ of API design, while expecting vendors to come up with the tools.

However, as great as CUDA, Metal and DirectX are to play around with, we might be stuck with Khronos APIs, if geopolitcs keep going as bad or worse, as they have been thus far.

by pjmlp

4/13/2026 at 12:51:00 AM

Someone from AMD posted this a few minutes ago, then deleted it:

"Anush's success is due to opting out of internal bureaucracy than anything else. most Claude use at AMD goes through internal infrastructure that can take hundreds of seconds per response due to throttling. Anush got us an exemption to use Anthropic directly. he is also exempt from normal policies on open source and so I can directly contribute to projects to add AMD support. He's an effective leader and has turned ROCm into a internal startup based in California. Definitely worth joining the team even if you've heard bad things about AMD as a whole."

This kind of bullshit is why I don't want to join AMD, even if this particular team is temporarily exempt from it.

by p1esk

4/13/2026 at 1:30:16 AM

> he is also exempt from normal policies on open source and so I can directly contribute to projects to add AMD support.

It's crazy that this is a big deal.

I understand the need for some kind of governance around this but for it to require a special exemption just shows how far the AMD culture needs to shift.

by nl

4/13/2026 at 2:00:54 AM

Liability is always a big deal.

by 0xbadcafebee

4/13/2026 at 3:25:03 AM

Sure, but it's not like other large companies don't have policies that address this.

by nl

4/13/2026 at 4:16:56 AM

Policies like these are widespread in most companies with >1000 employees

by noident

4/13/2026 at 1:17:17 AM

So join NVIDIA instead

by brcmthrowaway

4/13/2026 at 6:49:29 AM

Genuine question. After claude code, codex etc, can't this be speedup ?

by taherchhabra

4/13/2026 at 9:11:16 AM

I believe this is what that teamlead in the article comments on as next steps?

by Gasp0de

4/13/2026 at 1:33:49 AM

In my experience fiddling with compute shaders a long time ago, cuda and rocm and opencv are way too much hassle to set up. Usually it takes a few hours to get the toolkits and SDK up and running that is, if you CAN get it up and running. The dependencies are way too big as well, cuda is 11gb??? Either way, just use Vulkan. Vulkan "just works" and doesn't lock you into Nvidia/amd.

by bruce343434

4/13/2026 at 8:23:16 AM

Haha. People have already said what is Vulkan in practice - it's very convoluted low-level API, in which you have to write pretty complicated 200+LoC just to have simplest stuff running. Also doing compute on NVIDIA in Vulkan is fun if you believe the specs word for word. If you don't, you switch a purely compute pipeline into a graphical mode with a window and a swapchain, and instantly get roughly +20% of performance out of that. I don't know if this was a bug or an intended behavior (to protect CUDA), but this how it was a couple years ago.

by Arech

4/13/2026 at 1:44:53 AM

Vulkan is a pain for different reasons. Easier to install sure, but you need a few hundred lines of code to set up shader compilation and resources, and you’ll need extensions to deal with GPU addresses like you can with CUDA.

by cmovq

4/13/2026 at 2:24:01 AM

Ah yes, but those hundred lines of code are basically free to produce now with LLMs...

by rdevilla

4/13/2026 at 4:35:57 AM

Just in time for Vulkan tg to be faster in almost all situations, and Vulkan pp to be faster in many situations with constant improvements on the way, making ROCm obsolete for inference.

by suprjami

4/13/2026 at 5:03:07 AM

ROCm vs Vulkan has never been about performance - you should be able to represent the "same" shader code in either, and often they back onto the same compilers and optimizers anyway. If one is faster, that often means something has gone /wrong/.

The advantages for ROCm would be integration into existing codebases/engineer skillsets (e.g. porting an existing C++ implementation of something to the GPU with a few attributes and API calls rather than rewriting the core kernel in something like GLSL and all the management vulkan implies).

by kimixa

4/13/2026 at 6:02:37 AM

Vulkan has abysmal UX though. At one point I had to chose between Vulkan and Cuda for future projects, and I ended up with Cuda because a feasibilty study I couldn't get to work in Vulkan for an entire week, easily worked in Cuda in less than a day.

by m-schuetz

4/13/2026 at 1:02:52 AM

> Challenger AMD’s ability to take data center GPU share from market leader Nvidia will certainly depend on the success or failure of its AI software stack, ROCm.

I don't think this is true. ROCm is a huge advantage for Nvidia but as far as I can tell it is more a set of R&D libraries than anything else, so all the Hot New Stuff keeps being Nvidia first and only (to start with) as the library ecosystem for the hotness doesn't exist yet. Then eventually new libraries are created that are CUDA independent and AMD turns out to make pretty good graphics cards.

I wouldn't be surprised of ROCm withered on the vine and AMD still does fine.

by roenxi

4/13/2026 at 1:02:16 AM

I've been using ROCm on my Radeon RX 6800 and my Ryzen AI 7 350 systems. I've only used it for GPU-accelerated rendering in Cycles, but I am glad that AMD has an option that isn't OpenCL now.

by hurricanepootis

4/13/2026 at 5:11:13 AM

They need lots of steps, hardware support, IDE and graphical debugging integrations , the polyglot ecosystem, having a common bytecode used by several compiler backends (CUDA is not only C++), the libraries portfolio.

by pjmlp

4/12/2026 at 11:32:40 PM

AMD hasn't signaled in behavior or words that they're going to actually support ROCm on $specificdevice for more than 4-5 years after release. Sometimes it's as little as the high 3.x years for shrinks like the consumer AMD RX 580. And often the ROCm support for consumer devices isn't out until a year after release, further cutting into that window.

Meanwhile nvidia just dropped CUDA/driver support for 1xxx series cards from their most recent drivers this year.

For me ROCm's mayfly lifetime is a dealbreaker.

by superkuh

4/12/2026 at 11:56:58 PM

Last year, AMD ran a GitHub poll for ROCm complaints and received more than 1,000 responses. Many were around supporting older hardware, which is today supported either by AMD or by the community, and one year on, all 1,000 complaints have been addressed, Elangovan said. AMD has a team going through GitHub complaints, but Elangovan continues to encourage developers to reach out on X where he’s always happy to listen.

Seems like they're making some effort in that direction at least. If you have specific concerns, maybe try hitting up Anush Elangovan on Twitter?

by mindcrime

4/13/2026 at 7:11:56 AM

> or by the community

Hmmm

by djsjajah

4/13/2026 at 12:37:46 AM

Is it really that short? This support matrix shows ROCm 7.2.1 supporting quite old generations of GPUs, going back at least five or six years. I consider longevity important, too, but if they're actively supporting stuff released in 2020 (CDNA), I can't fault them too much. With open drivers on Linux, where all the real AI work is happening, I feel like this is a better longevity story than nvidia...where you're dependent on nvidia for kernel drivers in addition to CUDA.

https://rocm.docs.amd.com/en/latest/compatibility/compatibil...

by SwellJoe

4/13/2026 at 6:46:02 AM

You missed the note at the top "GPUs listed in the following table support compute workloads (no display information or graphics)". It doesn't mean that all CDNA or RDNA2 cards are supported. That table is very is very misleading it's for enterprise compute cards only - AMD Instinct and AMD Radeon Pro series. For actual consumer GPUs list is much worse https://rocm.docs.amd.com/projects/radeon-ryzen/en/latest/in... , more or less 9000 and select 7000 series. Not even all of the 7000 series.

by Karliss

4/13/2026 at 7:10:39 AM

I think that speaks to them not understanding at the time the opportunity they were missing out on by not shipping a CUDA-like thing to everyone, including consumer tech. The question is what'll it look like in a few years now that they do understand AI is the biggest part of the GPU industry.

I suspect, given AMDs relative openness vs. nvidia, even consumer-level stuff released today will end up with a longer useful life than current nvidia stuff.

I could be wrong, of course. I've taken the gamble...the last nvidia GPU I bought was a 3070 several years ago. Everything recent has been AMD. It's half the price for nearly competitive performance and VRAM. If that bet turns out wrong, I'll just upgrade a little sooner and still probably end up ahead. But, I think/hope openness will win.

Also, nvidia graphics drivers on Linux are a pain in the ass that I didn't want to keep dealing with. I decided it wasn't worth the hassle, even if they're better on some metrics. I've been able to run everything I've tried on an AMD Strix Halo and an old Radeon Pro V620 (not great, but cheap, compared to other 32GB GPUs and still supported by current ROCm).

by SwellJoe

4/12/2026 at 11:56:55 PM

ROCm is open source and TheRock is community maintained, and in a minute the first Linux distro will have native in-tree builds. It will be supported for the foreseeable future due to AMDs open development approach.

It is Nvidia that has the track record of closed drivers and insisting on doing all software dev without community improvements to expected results.

by lrvick

4/13/2026 at 12:19:01 AM

> expected results

The defacto GPU compute platform? With the best featureset?

by KennyBlanken

4/13/2026 at 12:27:05 AM

And the worst privacy, transparency, and FOSS integration due to their insistence on a heavily proprietary stack.

Also pretty hard to beat a Strix Halo right now in TPS for the money and power consumption.

Even that aside there exist plenty like me that demand high freedom and transparency and will pay double for it if we have to.

by lrvick

4/13/2026 at 12:37:30 AM

> And the worst privacy, transparency, and FOSS integration due to their insistence on a heavily proprietary stack.

The market doesn't care about any of that. The consumer market doesn't care, and the commercial market definitely does not. The consumer market wants the most Fortnite frames per second per dollar. The commercial market cares about how much compute they can do per watt, per slot.

> there exist plenty like me that demand high freedom and transparency and will pay double for it if we have to.

The four percent share of the datacenter market and five percent of the desktop GPU market say (very strongly) otherwise.

I have a 100% AMD system in front of me so I'm hardly an NVIDIA fanboy, but you thinking you represent the market is pretty nuts.

by KennyBlanken

4/13/2026 at 12:50:27 AM

I did not claim to represent the market as a whole, but I feel I likely represent a significant enough segment of it that AMD is going to be just fine.

I think local power efficient LLMs are going to make those datacenter numbers less relevant in the long run.

by lrvick

4/12/2026 at 11:44:50 PM

I was thinking to get 2x r9700 for a home workstation (mostly inference). It is much cheaper than a similar nvidia build. But still not sure if good value or more trouble.

by canpan

4/13/2026 at 12:12:43 AM

I own a single R9700 for the same reason you mentioned, looking into getting a second one. Was a lot of fiddling to get working on arch but RDNA4 and ROCm have come a long way. Every once in a while arch package updates break things but that’s not exclusive to ROCm.

LLM’s run great on it, it’s happily running gemma4 31b at the moment and I’m quite impressed. For the amount of VRAM you get it’s hard to beat, apart from the Intel cards maybe. But the driver support doesn’t seem to be that great there either.

Had some trouble with running comfyui, but it’s not my main use case, so I did not spent a lot of time figuring that out yet

by stephlow

4/13/2026 at 1:05:27 AM

Thanks for the answer. Brings my hope up. Looking in my local shops, I can get 3 cards for the price of one 5090.

May I ask, what kind of tok/s you are getting with the r9700? I assume you got it fully in vram?

by canpan

4/13/2026 at 3:43:28 AM

I have a dual R9700 machine, with both cards on PCIe gen4 x8 slots. The 256bit GDDR6 memory bandwidth is the main limiting factor and makes dense models above 9b fairly slow.

The model that is currently loaded full time for all workloads on this machine is Unsloth's Q3_K_M quant of Qwen 3.5 122b, which has 10b active parameters. With almost no context usage it will generate 59 tok/sec. At 10,000 input tokens it will prefill at about 1500 tok/sec and generate at 51 tok/sec. At 110,000 input tokens it will prefill at about 950 tok/sec and generate at 30 tok/sec.

Smaller MoE models with 3b active will push 70 tok/sec at 10,000 context. Dense models like Qwen 3.5 27b and Devstral Small 2 at 24b will only generate at around 13 - 15 tok/sec with 10,000 context.

This is all on llama.cpp with the Vulkan backend. I didn't get to far in testing / using anything that requires ROCm because there is an outstanding ROCm bug where the GPU clock stays at 100% (and drawing like 60 watts) even when the model is not processing anything. The issue is now closed but multiple commenters indicate it is still a problem. Using the Vulkan backend my per-card idle draw is between 1 and 2 watts with the display outputs shut down and no kernel frame buffer.

by theoli

4/13/2026 at 2:54:21 AM

Stock install, no tuning.

  $uname -r
  6.8.0-107-generic
  $ollama --version
  ollama version is 0.20.2
  $ollama run "gemma4:31b" --verbose "write fizzbuzz in python."
  [...]
  total duration:       45.141599637s
  load duration:        143.633498ms
  prompt eval count:    21 token(s)
  prompt eval duration: 48.047609ms
  prompt eval rate:     437.07 tokens/s
  eval count:           1057 token(s)
  eval duration:        44.676612241s
  eval rate:            23.66 tokens/s

by jhgorrell

4/12/2026 at 11:54:47 PM

Talking to friends who have fought more homelab battles than I ever will, my sense is that (1) AMD has done a better job with RDNA4 than the past generations, and (2) it seems very workload-dependent whether AMD consumer gear is "good value", "more trouble", or both at the same time.

Edit: I misread the "2x r9700" as "2 rx9700" which differs from the topic of this comment (about RNDA4 consumer SKUs). I'll keep my comment up, but anyone looking to get Radeon PRO cards can (should?) disregard.

by chao-

4/13/2026 at 12:27:47 AM

Given RDNA3 was a pathetic joke, it wouldn't be hard for them to do a better job.

by KennyBlanken

4/13/2026 at 12:03:16 AM

I have this setup, with 2x 32Gb cards. It's perfect for my needs, and cheaper than anything comparable from NV.

by cyberax

4/13/2026 at 5:19:09 AM

The splist CDNA/RDNA architecture is a problem for AMD. The upcoming unified UDMA will solve the issue.

by Shitty-kitty

4/12/2026 at 11:52:18 PM

Driver support eats directly into driver development

by hotstickyballs

4/13/2026 at 12:05:38 AM

Apple got it right with unified memory with wide bus. That's why Mac Minis are flying for local models. But they are 10x less powerful in AI TOPS. And you can't upgrade the memory.

I really wish AMD and Intel boards get replaced by competent people. They could do it in very short time. Both have integrated GPUs with main memory. AMD and Intel have (or at least used to have) serious know-how in data buses and interconnects, respectively. But I don't see any of that happening.

ROCm? It can't even support decent Attention. It lacks a lot of features and NVIDIA is adding more each year. Soon they will reach escape velocity and nobody will catch them for a decade. smh

by alecco

4/13/2026 at 8:41:14 AM

Aren't mac minis flying for "local models" because people have no clue what they are doing?

All those people who bought them for openclaw just bought them because it was the trendy thing to do. No one of those people is running local models on there.

by KeplerBoy

4/13/2026 at 10:04:26 AM

They aren't flying outside US, or countries with similar salary levels.

by pjmlp

4/13/2026 at 12:08:21 AM

Granted, I feel like NVIDIA GPU pricing is such that Mac minis will be way less than 10x cheaper if not already, so one might still get ahead purchasing a bulk order of Mac minis....

by caycep

4/13/2026 at 12:15:45 AM

A 5090 will cost you about the same amount of money as a Mac Studio M3 Ultra with eight times the RAM.

It's pretty insane how overpriced NVIDIA hardware is.

by KennyBlanken

4/13/2026 at 5:19:55 AM

The 256GB Mac Studio (the one with "eight times the RAM") is listed for ~$2000 more than the current 5090 prices, and another additional $1500 for the 80-core GPU variant. Only the "base" model with 96gb is a remotely similar price, $3600-$4000.

And a 5090 has a little over 2x the memory bandwidth - ~820GB/s vs ~1790GB/s. And significantly higher peak FLOPS on the 5090 too.

Sure, if the goal is to get the "Cheapest single-device system with 256GB ram" it looks pretty good, but there's lots of other axes it falls down on. Great if you know you don't care about them, but not "Better In Every Way". Arguably, better in only a single way - but that single way may well be the one you need.

And the current 5090 price might be a transient peak - only three months ago they were closer to $2500 - significantly less than half the $6000 base-spec 256GB Mac Studio. While the Mac Studio has been constant.

by kimixa

4/13/2026 at 5:26:52 AM

It seems like general improvements in ram efficiency, such as that used in Gemma 4, means it’s back to memory bandwidth as the bottleneck and less about total available memory size. I’m also curious to see how much more agent autonomy will reduce less need for low latency and shift the focus to more throughput. Meaning it’s easier to spread the model out over multiple smaller GPUs and use pipeline parallelism to keep them busy. This would also mean using ram for market discrimination becomes less effective.

by cjbgkagh

4/13/2026 at 1:03:41 AM

Yes but the 5090 can run games.

Running games on my loaded M4 Max is worse than on my 3090 despite the over-four-year generational gap.

Like, Pacific Drive will reach maybe 30fps at less than 1080p whereas the 3090 will run it better even in 4K.

That could just be CrossOver's issue with Unreal Engine games, but "just play different games" is not a solution I like.

by LoganDark

4/13/2026 at 12:55:49 AM

But the 5090 can run Crysis

by corndoge

4/13/2026 at 12:41:53 AM

> I really wish AMD and Intel boards get replaced by competent people.

Intel? Agreed. But AMD is making money hand over fist with enterprise AI stuff.

Right now, any effort that AMD or NVIDIA expend on the consumer sector is a waste of money that they could be spending making 10x more at the enterprise level on AI.

by bsder

4/13/2026 at 8:38:42 AM

How long until we can use AI to simply translate all the CUDA stuff to another (more open) platform? I'm getting the feeling we're getting close.

AI won't be working in nVidia's advantage this time.

by amelius

4/13/2026 at 8:40:41 AM

[dead]

by mugivarra69

4/13/2026 at 7:25:56 AM

Do we get better perf or tokens per second with AMD and its software stack than with Nvidia?

by DeathArrow

4/13/2026 at 6:56:30 AM

We’ve been talking about this for a good ten years at least and AMD is still essentially in the “concepts of a plan” phase. The AMD GPGPU software org has to be one of the most inconsequential ones at this rate.

by formerly_proven

4/13/2026 at 7:07:52 AM

At least they finally do something this time. Now torch and whatever transformer stuff runs normally on windows/linux as long as you installed correct wheel from amd's own repository.

It's a huge step though.

by mmis1000

4/13/2026 at 1:11:23 AM

For many LLM load, it seems ROCm is slower than vulkan. What’s the point?

by ycui1986

4/13/2026 at 8:01:17 AM

Compatibility so foundation packages like torch onnx-runtime can run on AMD GPU without massive change in architecture. It's the biggest reason for those stuff that "only works on nvidia gpu". It's not faster if vulkan alternative exists, but at least it runs.

by mmis1000

4/13/2026 at 9:11:26 AM

Now that the AI bubble is starting to burst, it's a great time for AMD to reveal their AI ambitions. They've set the tone by hiring low cost, outsourced labor.

Of course everybody knows what's really going on here. It's not an open discussion, however.

by neuroelectron

4/12/2026 at 11:43:45 PM

Side question, but why not advance something like Rust GPU instead as a general approach to GPU programming? https://github.com/Rust-GPU/rust-gpu/

From all the existing examples, it really looks the most interesting.

I.e. what I'm surprised about is lack of backing for it from someone like AMD. It doesn't have to immediately replace ROCm, but AMD would benefit from it advancing and replacing the likes of CUDA.

by shmerl

4/13/2026 at 2:49:24 AM

One of the rust-gpu maintainers here. Haven't officially heard from anyone at AMD but we've had chats with many others. Happy to talk with whomever! I would imagine AMD is focusing on ROCm over Vulkan for compute right now as their pure datacenter play, which makes sense.

We've started a company around Rust on the GPU btw (https://www.vectorware.com/), both CUDA and Vulkan (and ROCm eventually I guess?).

Note that most platform developers in the GPU space are C++ folks (lots of LLVM!) and there isn't as much demand from customers for Rust on the GPU vs something like Python or Typescript. So Rust naturally gets less attention and is lower on the list...for now.

by LegNeato

4/13/2026 at 10:05:22 AM

Because the people that care want C++, Fortran, Python and Julia, which already enjoy a rich ecosystem.

by pjmlp

4/13/2026 at 12:07:05 AM

From the readme:

> Note: This project is still heavily in development and is at an early stage.

> Compiling and running simple shaders works, and a significant portion of the core library also compiles.

> However, many things aren't implemented yet. That means that while being technically usable, this project is not yet production-ready.

Also projects like rust gpu are built on top of projects like cuda and ROCm they aren’t alternatives they are abstractions overtop

by MobiusHorizons

4/13/2026 at 12:55:45 AM

I think Rust GPU is built on top of Vulkan + SPIR-V as their main foundation, not on top of CUDA or ROCm.

What I meant more is the language of writing GPU programs themselves, not necessarily the machinery right below it. Vulkan is good to advance for that.

I.e. CUDA and ROCm focus on C++ dialect as GPU language. Rust GPU does that with Rust and also relies on Vulkan without tying it to any specific GPU type.

by shmerl

4/13/2026 at 2:51:23 AM

The article mentions Triton for this purpose. I don’t think you will get maxed out performance on the hardware though because abstraction layers won’t let you access the fastest possible path.

by markisus

4/13/2026 at 3:10:11 AM

> I don’t think you will get maxed out performance on the hardware though because abstraction layers won’t let you access the fastest possible path.

You could argue about CPU architectures the same, no? Yet compilers solve this pretty well most of the time.

by shmerl

4/13/2026 at 12:07:32 AM

If you don't want/need to program at lowest level possible, then Pytorch seems the obvious option for AMD support, or maybe Mojo. The Triton compiler would be another option for kernel writing.

by HarHarVeryFunny

4/13/2026 at 12:52:45 AM

I don't think that's something that can be pitched as a CUDA alternative. Just different level.

by shmerl

4/13/2026 at 8:12:52 AM

[dead]

by techpulselab

4/13/2026 at 4:55:33 AM

[flagged]

by xkbear89

4/13/2026 at 2:25:14 AM

[dead]

by cameolkc

4/13/2026 at 5:24:48 AM

[dead]

by emilyhudson

4/12/2026 at 11:28:32 PM

Naive question, could agents help speed up building code for ROCm parity with CUDA? Outside of code, what are the bottlenecks for reaching parity?

by blovescoffee

4/12/2026 at 11:42:04 PM

to be honest, outside of fullstack and basic MCU stuff, these agents aren't very good. Whenever a sufficiently interesting new model comes out I test it on a couple problems for android app development and OS porting for novel cpu targets and we still haven't gotten there yet. I'd be happy to see a day where it was possible however

by WorldPeas

4/13/2026 at 2:32:38 AM

I’ve found they’re quite good when you’re higher in the compiler stack, where it’s essentially a game of translating MLIR dialects.

by catgary

4/13/2026 at 6:05:45 AM

Agents work great for tasks that thousands of developers have done before. This isn't one of those tasks.

by m-schuetz

4/13/2026 at 2:35:34 AM

Maybe this is dumb but at the moment through windows (and WSL?) you get: rocm DirectML Vulkan OpenML?

by hypercube33

4/13/2026 at 3:11:52 AM

Why is it called "ROCm” (with the strange capitalization) in the first place? This may sound silly, but in order to compete, every detail matters, including the name.

by nnevatie

4/13/2026 at 3:19:01 AM

It used to stand for "[R]adeon [O]pen [C]o[m]pute", but since it's not affiliated with the Open Compute Project, they dropped the meaning of it a little while ago, and now it doesn't stand for anything.

by slongfield

4/13/2026 at 3:37:53 AM

presumably a reference to rocm/socm robots?

by dnautics

4/13/2026 at 3:16:21 AM

This is so true! Shows a lack of care that usually doesn’t stop at just the naming

by WanderPanda