2/18/2026 at 11:25:55 PM
I reinstalled MacOS on a 2011 MacBook Air and it was actually shockingly hard. Thankfully, my machine booted and worked fine, so I didn't need to create a bootable USB stick. From memory: - Network recovery boot cannot connect to your wifi because reasons. It'll see the SSID, but won't even prompt for password. It's totally unclear why nothing is working.
- Fall back to old IOT SSID with ancient protocols
- You cannot directly download or install High Sierra (the latest supported OS) for reasons I don't remember.
- I can't remember how, but somehow you can install Lion
- Launch beautiful Mac desktop. App store won't work because the certs are too old, or something. Safari won't work, because the supported SSL protocols are too old.
- Use a modern Mac to download a DMG installer for a slightly newer OS
- Copy it to a USB stick
- Find a USB stick big enough to hold it, try again
- Plug USB stick into target Mac, copy installer to desktop, run it
- Now you have a more modern OS that can actually connect to websites
- Also teh app store works, so you can upgrade to High Sierra using the app store.
But yeah. Man, the desktop was so beautiful and refreshing.
by rconti
2/19/2026 at 2:50:14 AM
>You cannot directly download or install High Sierra (the latest supported OS) for reasons I don't remember.This one’s a doozy because i hit it last month.
The updates are over https. The default certificates are 10year expiry.
I had an elderly relative (who disabled updates because they were scared of the computer changing) really upset everything was broken. Gmail app gave obscure can’t connect messages, almost all websites failed to load. When i went there of course the os wouldn’t update as well. We use https for everything now.
The keychain system is so hidden from users it was hard to even get to for myself. Took a usb key of a set of certificate updates. Harder than you think because when you look in keychain you’re not sure of which certificate is used for which and it’s a pain to find what you need. In the end a transfer from a healthy mac worked enough to get a manually downloaded os update running and from there it was fine.
What a doozy though! If you know of people with old macs that stopped working at the start of this year this is why
by AnotherGoodName
2/19/2026 at 10:12:50 AM
How modern computing quietly depends on this constantly-maintained layer of trust infrastructureby eleveriven
2/19/2026 at 12:48:43 PM
And no one can even give a concrete answer why root certificates need expiration dates. It's just because reasons.IMO the whole PKI thing is a terrible idea to begin with. It would make much more sense to tie the trust in TLS to DNS somehow, since the certificates themselves depend on domains anyway. Then you would only have a single root of trust, and that would be your DNS provider (or the root servers). And nothing will expire ever again.
by grishka
2/19/2026 at 7:26:30 PM
The instant we bound encrypted connections with identity we failed. And decades later we're still living with the mistake.I'm completely serious when we need to abandon the ID verification part of certificates. That's an entirely separate problem from encryption protocol. An encryption protocol needs absolutely no expiration date, it's useful until it's broken, and no one can predict that. Identity should be verified in a separate path.
by burnte
2/19/2026 at 3:03:56 PM
Certificates need expiration dates to be able to garbage collect certificate revocation lists.by plq
2/19/2026 at 6:54:18 PM
Do certificate revocation lists need to keep including certificates that have long since expired? I don't see why root certificates need to expire as long as the certificates signed by those roots all have reasonable expiration windows, unless someone is doing something strange about trusting formerly-valid certificates, or not checking root certificates against revocation lists.by wtallis
2/19/2026 at 2:19:10 PM
Root certificates need expiration dates for the same reason that LetsEncrypt certs need an expiration date: risk of cert compromise and forgery increases over time.Over a long enough timeline, there will be vulns discovered in so much of the software that guards the CA certs in RAM
by westurner
2/19/2026 at 2:30:35 PM
> risk of cert compromise and forgery increases over time.And what if the certificate is compromised before it expires? Right, there's a revocation mechanism for that. So why expire them then if they can be revoked anyway IF they get compromised?
The reason why domain TLS certificates expire is that domains can change owners. It makes sense that it should not be possible for someone to buy a domain for one year, get a non-expiring TLS certificate issued for it, and then have the ability to MitM its traffic if it ever gets bought by someone else later.
Domain certificates are sent as part of the connection handshake, so them expiring is unnoticeable for the end users. However, root certificates rely on the OS getting updates forever, which is unsustainable. Some systems lack the ability to install user-provided root CAs altogether, and some (Android) do allow it but treat them as second-class.
by grishka
2/19/2026 at 3:11:19 PM
Because the most dangerous secret is one that has been compromised and you don’t know it. This sets a time limit for their usefulness. Sometimes the stories about terrible default choices that are insecure sink in and architects choose a better path.by grosswait
2/19/2026 at 6:03:32 PM
Also, details about the certs and the standards for them change over time. This makes it easier for the browser venders (via the CA forum) to force cert providers to update over time.by lokar
2/19/2026 at 4:42:49 PM
Right, because DNS entries never expire.by snowwrestler
2/19/2026 at 4:51:59 PM
Of course they do, they have to. But it's okay for things that are sent to you over the network to expire. It's not okay for things built into your potentially abandoned OS to expire.by grishka
2/19/2026 at 10:41:06 AM
Well, to be more specific, "modern internet/web". Most of the applications that ran on a Windows XP computers still run on a Windows XP computer without hiccups, unless they do a lot of network connectivity for the functionality.by embedding-shape
2/19/2026 at 9:18:30 AM
> The updates are over https. The default certificates are 10year expiry.I wish I knew this last week while trying to restore a 2010 21" iMac.
Apart from this, I encountered another annoyance mid-way; the official download urls for Sierra and High Sierra were nowhere to be found. I somewhat remember being able to download the official dmg/disk image from some official repository, probably some App store public url?
by easyThrowaway
2/19/2026 at 10:18:49 AM
can look for macos downloader scripts in github. I noticed the readme here shares some URLs though I'm not sure if they still work https://github.com/Comp-Labs/Download-macOShttps://github.com/chris1111/Download_Install_macOS could also be another option.
I know I used one of the macos downloaders from github before, I just forget which one though.
by fouc
2/19/2026 at 5:58:53 PM
Thanks!by easyThrowaway
2/19/2026 at 4:06:45 AM
> The keychain system is so hidden from users it was hard to even get to for myself.These days, keychain access is under /System/Library/Core Services/Applications/Keychain Access.app. That's not intuitive, but, once you know it's there, it's not hard to navigate to it. Was it different under older versions?
by JadeNB
2/19/2026 at 7:02:17 AM
Apple moved it there in macOS Sequoia, from Utilities, because they were worried it would be confused with the Passwords app. Apple reminds you that you're actually looking for the Passwords app at every turn: Tip: You can find all your passwords, passkeys, and verification codes in the Passwords app on your Mac.
https://support.apple.com/guide/keychain-access/what-is-keyc...
by conradev
2/19/2026 at 5:13:28 AM
command-space... type "keychain access"by latchkey
2/19/2026 at 5:29:37 AM
command+shift+gThen
s<tab>/l<tab>/cores<tab>/a<tab>
Simple!
However, while Spotlight works well when you know what you are looking for, it can still be useful to navigate the filesystem, and it's too bad that Apple hides tools in relatively obscure locations rather than somewhere like /Applications/Utilities.
by rz2k
2/19/2026 at 12:07:01 AM
> Man, the desktop was so beautiful and refreshing.I get the same feeling when doing a fresh install+boot of both OS X 10.9 Mavericks and Windows 7. They're just so much more pleasant than what we have now.
It'd be nice if modern desktop operating systems took a lesson or two from their past selves.
by cosmic_cheese
2/19/2026 at 2:12:31 PM
Installed and activated Windows 7 yesterday on the laptop I was preparing to sell. Surprised to learn something my brain offloaded long time ago. We had Apple Glass in 2008 on Windows!by user432678
2/19/2026 at 4:52:11 PM
My PC is unfortunately on Windows 11, but I recently purchased StartAllBack which lets you replace the start menu with a Windows 7-era sensible one, and you can even change the Start icon and various chrome in the OS (the task bar, file explorer, etc) to revert back to Windows 7 style. Maybe I'm just nostalgic but it's made Windows 11 so much better.by hbn
2/19/2026 at 12:26:00 AM
I feel the same way about Unix desktops. The newer stuff just.. looks gross? And it's difficult to use. I'm very thankful for Mate, especially the Alt+F2 behavior, but also the simple menu layout vs some horrible combination of search and popups.by jcgrillo
2/19/2026 at 1:08:08 AM
GNOME 2/MATE isn't quite to my taste for my personal use, but it is cozy in a way that post-3.0 versions aren't.by cosmic_cheese
2/19/2026 at 5:39:55 AM
I've settled on XFCE. It just works. You have to turn too many knobs to make it work on weird DPI / screen sizes, but other than that, it's fine.Recently, I fired up Win 3.11 in 1600x1200@256 mode to run SimAnt, and was pretty shocked at how much better it felt than most modern operating systems.
I kind of feel like the start menu + task bar were a mistake now.
It is nice having the bluetooth + network icon somewhere accessible, but maybe <ctrl>-space should just pop up a thing that lets you type program names + also temporarily hide all windows over 10% of the screen or something? That'd solve the problem of trying to find program manager to run a second program. Also, the windows in windows approach of program manager wasn't great. Still, it's better than most things out there these days. The icons are so... clean.
by hedora
2/19/2026 at 11:01:54 AM
XFCE is also my go to. But I have moved on from caring too much about desktop environments as long as they don't get in the way. I went through a phase of trying pure openbox and all kinds of things and settled on XFCE. It doesn't do everything like I want but that's fine. I mostly open a terminal, a browser, thunderbird, some programming environment and a latex editor these days.by kriro
2/19/2026 at 6:05:49 AM
In my opinion, the versions of Mac OS with the Platinum theme (8, 8.5, 9) have aged quite gracefully. It's clearly not modern, but it also doesn't feel particularly old or kludgy or anything, and it's quite clean relative to modern desktops.by cosmic_cheese
2/19/2026 at 7:42:47 AM
Same as Windows 3.1, and Windows 95, up to 2000. After some point computers began to be optimized for a non-technical person and here we go... Ads, auto-updates, pop-ups, bright colors, all this fucking desktop circus.by blackhaz
2/19/2026 at 9:40:16 AM
The older OS's with their simple interfaces and clear buttons were easier for non-technical people as well. I'm not certain who they're really optimising for now, exactly... shareholders?by Nition
2/19/2026 at 10:27:35 AM
Nah, that's a cop out answer. Can't blame everything on shareholders when all the major Linux DEs do the same.by jychang
2/19/2026 at 3:22:07 PM
Large teams of designers that need to justify their existence by changing thingsby wlesieutre
2/19/2026 at 8:57:01 AM
>I fired up Win 3.11 in 1600x1200@256 mode to run SimAnt, and was pretty shocked at how much better it felt than most modern operating systems.Maybe for older people who used it back then and have nostalgia for it, but I think at 35 even I'm too young to find that UI appealing for daily driving when linux has WMs/DEs targeted for minimalism, efficiency and productivity but in a modern way.
by joe_mamba
2/19/2026 at 1:18:34 AM
For me it's the difference between "this is a computer" vs "this is a computer trying to be a cell phone". I think that's what everything from the last 15yr is trying to be--a phone. And not everything is a phone. On a computer we have a keyboard and a mouse, which are much, much more precise tools than vague gestures on a touchscreen.EDIT: I'm gonna go out on a limb here and say this is basically everything that's wrong with the computer(-adjacent) industry. We can appreciate the problem statement by asking "why would anyone want to make a computer be a phone?" The answer is a terminal case of a particularly defensive form of groupthink. It goes something like this:
(1) "everyone is talking about the iPhone" (2) "i need to feel relevant, ergo i must make phone noises too"
then they rub these two neurons together, and since it's the only two they got it isn't hard for them, and this process repeats a few generations and like a nuclear chain reaction soon enough the entire industry is trying to make everything be a fucking phone.
It shouldn't be like that.
EDIT2: As a species we don't play these games with other tools. Cars--some super early attempts had weird shit like tillers for steering but we quickly outgrew that idea and settled on the steering wheel, levers for the other hand, and pedals for the feet. Same with airplanes and tracked vehicles (bulldozers, tanks, etc). Same with machine tools. This stupid game people are playing with computer interfaces these days is fundamentally inhuman.
by jcgrillo
2/19/2026 at 1:36:56 AM
It's so obvious now that you wrote it, but it never occurred to me as such. New desktops, be it macOS, Gnome, Win.. they all look like damn phones and not computers.by Keyframe
2/19/2026 at 2:51:50 AM
If you're under 25ish, you probably had a smartphone while still in diapers. When/if you later learn to use a desktop, it being like a smartphone makes it familiar.Sucks for us geezers that learned things the other way around though!
by 1over137
2/19/2026 at 8:12:15 AM
> If you're under 25ishPeople seem to forget that "smartphones" (in the post-iPhone sense) are barely old enough to drive. The first iPhone came out in 2007, android doesn't drop till the following year, and the first iPad doesn't come out till 2010.
If you were a kid with a video-playing smartphone before about 2012, your parents were pretty damn well off, and likely early adopters too
by swiftcoder
2/19/2026 at 6:42:19 PM
Smart devices have been around a lot longer than that. I was using a palm pilot in the 90s as a teen.by withinboredom
2/19/2026 at 8:54:02 PM
I don't think that helps support the argument, though. Despite using a stylus-driven touchscreen, the Palm Pilot UI had a lot more in common with the desktop UIs of the 90s than with today's smartphone UIs or even today's smartphone-tainted desktop UIs.by wtallis
2/19/2026 at 8:59:00 PM
Palm pilots had ui/ux more closely resembling today’s smart phones than you think. The swiping keyboards, for example, more closely resemble the script used for fast typing on a palm pilot. The ui was meant for touch, not for precision. At least the games didn’t have ads back then.by withinboredom
2/19/2026 at 10:03:11 PM
Today's swiping keyboards are nothing like the original Graffiti or Graffiti 2. Those used shapes/gestures derived from the actual letter shapes, while the swiping gestures supported by the on-screen keyboards of today rely on gestures derived from the QWERTY layout of the on-screen keyboard. Because both were simplifications of the completely different input methods they were emulating: pen vs keyboard.Meanwhile, the rest of the Palm Pilot UI (all the parts that were actually on the screen instead of below it in the dedicated writing area) looks thoroughly 90s: the basic buttons, drop-down boxes, tabs and dialog box layouts, scrollbars that aren't trying to hide from you. The main UI elements missing from the Palm Pilot that were present in eg. 90s Mac OS or Windows are the free form desktop layout (instead of the smartphone-like app launcher grid), and the persistent on-screen menu bar or taskbar.
The Palm Pilot UI was unquestionably designed around the assumption of higher precision than today's touch-oriented UIs. The stylus was not considered optional. The lack of capacitive touch sensing for gesture recognition meant the UI was much more reliant on precise button taps where today's smartphones would use swipes and other gestures for stuff like scrolling or "back".
by wtallis
2/19/2026 at 4:28:03 AM
>If you're under 25ish, you probably had a smartphone while still in diapersCirca 2004, when 25 year olds would probably be migrated out of diapers, smartphones were palm treos and Sony Ericsson K700s. I don't think they would be great distractions for kids, there certainly wouldn't be any endless Spiderman/Elsa YouTube to lock them in.
by ribosometronome
2/19/2026 at 3:03:04 AM
More like ~18 and under. The post-2007 zoomers and nearly all alphites are ipad kids, but that drops off dramatically as you get to the older zoomer segment and millennials.At least, in my anecdotal experience.
by DaSHacka
2/19/2026 at 2:07:45 PM
Regarding your second edit, there was 100 years of automobile development (or more, depending on how far back you consider things to be in the lineage of a car, vs the predecessors of them) before the first car had a steering wheel. It's just ahistorical to say we quickly outgrew the tiller. We're less than 100 years from the first emergence of digital computers and screens, let alone putting those two together and needing an interface on them.I think your broader point is accurate, but computers aren't old enough yet to really compare the evolution of their interfaces to other technologies.
by delecti
2/19/2026 at 6:11:51 PM
Yeah but we can take lessons from that 100 years of car experience of how humans interact with objects and apply a lot of it to computers. Its not like we are starting from scratch like we were 200 years ago.by olyjohn
2/19/2026 at 6:50:35 PM
They weren't starting from scratch 200 years ago either. Tillers were standard in boats for thousands of years, it was a perfectly reasonable way to steer a vehicle.Likewise, at first a purely textual interface was a perfectly reasonable way to interact with a computer terminal, but the addition of mice changed the game, as did higher resolution displays and widespread adoption of touchscreens. We're 80 years into screens, 60 years into computer mice, and 20 years into touchscreens. Clearly lots of interface changes are just to keep the designers at a company busy, but it's also silly to be confident that we've nailed UX/UI standards.
by delecti
2/19/2026 at 6:41:49 PM
Once we settled on the steering wheel, though, we didn't keep trying to make tillers work. That's what I was trying to get at--in other examples of human-machine interfaces we generally don't regress once we've figured it out. But with computers that's exactly what we're doing.by jcgrillo
2/19/2026 at 2:54:09 AM
what would you say makes a UI look as if it's for a computer (genuine)? aside from purely(!) cosmetic things, like the skin on the windows 11 taskbar vs. 10. i think to windows <= xp, or tiling window managers (bar hyprland, probably) as the two most popular evolutions of mouse- vs. keyboard-based UIs (plan 9 probably fits well under the former, too). i guess i'd prefer if macos looked like dwm, but i wonder what else would need to change for the friction i feel with it to disappear.by mackeye
2/19/2026 at 3:00:38 AM
Information/control density.These massive ""finger-friendly"" buttons don't make any sense on a traditional desktop with a mouse, but it makes a ton of sense when you realize the designers were likely designing for mobile and/or touchscreen integration at the same time.
by DaSHacka
2/19/2026 at 4:43:15 AM
Your Honour, the prosecution submits "Windows 10 Redesigned Control Panel" into evidence as exhibit 'A'.by encom
2/19/2026 at 8:29:48 AM
Font rendering with the same hinting as the system you grew up with. Whitespace in the same proportions.Can't learn an evolution of the UI paradigm if you subconsciously feel your eyes are working wrong.
Hence, the person afraid of the computer changing who was described upthread.
(I was entirely surrounded by such cases when learning computing. So it was a moral and emotional battle at every step besides the sheer figuring things out - on dated, semi-functional miracles of engineering.
Now consider how, them people somewhere who "keep changing da computah", it's their job. It's us, in fact. And we're more knowledgeable, better organized, and make more than the average user. Plus chances are we're an entirely different part of the globe now where we follow an entirely different culture from our consumers, so things with the baseline mutual comprehensibility are so-so at best.
And... that's always been the case? And it's what's been giving our computerphobe friends all the right to be afraid. What reason does a FAANG dev even have, to care about your Grandma's eyesight, user experience, or sanity? Or yours? They gotz plenty to care about already, as exhibited by all the thoughtful comments poured into this site.)
by balamatom
2/19/2026 at 3:08:24 AM
A system which embraces the abilities of the mouse and keyboard without pandering to the limitations of the touchscreen. To wit, you have the ability, with a 3 button mouse + scroll wheel, to trivially select any nearby point in 3-space and label it with any one of 3 colors. More if you also allow your other hand to operate a keyboard. I dare you to attempt this with a touchscreen. I doubledare you motherfucker. Say what again.by jcgrillo
2/19/2026 at 12:32:05 PM
I have an older computer running Ubuntu with Unity 7 DE, I think it looks beautiful. It’s a computer that barely connects to the internet and I use for playing with electronics. I think that was the most intuitive DE on Linux.by a1o
2/19/2026 at 3:15:39 PM
There are people who believe that KDE 3 was the perfect desktop. They forked it when KDE 4 was released (initial KDE 4 releases were really rough), called it the Trinity Desktop Environment (TDE). I actually really like modern Gnome but every once in a while I try out TDE and it does give me a nice cozy feeling, like looking at old album photos.I have a friend who refuses to use anything other than CDE and still manages to compile and run it on modern Linux distros.
by aryonoco
2/19/2026 at 7:56:25 AM
I feel the average HN user though might be a bad representation of the general population. Personally I prefer the aesthetic of windows 11 over 7, it’s about the ONLY thing I prefer about windows 11, but windows 7 looks extremely dated to me now.by jama211
2/19/2026 at 10:12:59 AM
That is, until you try to use windows 11. And it gives you bing results instead of the option in control panel you want, even though you spelled it exactly.by nottorp
2/19/2026 at 2:34:52 PM
I'd prefer Windows 2000, myself. Relatively light weight, no bling or junk in the UI. Windows XP was okay, but the default UI looked like a toy. I know you can turn it off, but most people didn't. We won't mention Vista...by icedchai
2/19/2026 at 1:34:15 PM
Have you ever used Windows 8.1? With a classic start button app the UI layout is the good Windows 7 one with the "modern" Windows appearance.by hbs18
2/19/2026 at 7:05:49 PM
In terms of functionality, 8.1 isn't bad but I can't stand the flat square theme that could've dropped straight out of the DOS era. It's so ugly.I understand why Aero didn't continue on in its Vista/7 form, but Metro swung way too far in the other direction. The Fluent look used by Windows 11 is a nice middleground that I wish 8, 8.1, and 10 could've adopted instead. Too bad the rest of 11 sucks.
by cosmic_cheese
2/19/2026 at 8:57:31 AM
i don't have a w11 supported machine, but when I see the OS in videos or screenshots, I always thought it looks surprisingly pleasant and fresh, compared to 10. Really miss Vista though, that one was amazing visually.by asimovDev
2/19/2026 at 8:50:42 AM
>but windows 7 looks extremely dated to me now.This is a highly subjective thing.
by joe_mamba
2/19/2026 at 12:13:49 PM
This can be a relevant reminder at times, but based on their phrasing, I think they’re aware:> Personally I prefer […] looks extremely dated to me now.
Compare to the GP comment, for instance, where this may still be the case but is less clear from phrasing:
> They're just so much more pleasant
by vinay427
2/19/2026 at 9:01:27 PM
The road is bit longer when you decide to use Open Core Legacy Patcher.I managed to install Sonoma or Sequoia on my 2011 mbp but it was barely usable - nearly every Apple application was broken due to lack of Metal support. So I've pick Manjaro and while every now and then Wifi stops working, it's bit more capable but nothing crazy tho since it's nearly 15 yo machine.
by pndy
2/18/2026 at 11:46:15 PM
OpenCore and MIST are two great tools for fans of obsolete Macs. https://github.com/ninxsoft/Mistby CharlesW
2/19/2026 at 9:15:17 AM
Yes .. in case its not obvious, you can use MIST to get all the old MacOS installers for offline use ..by aa-jv
2/19/2026 at 3:29:16 AM
Apple’s EFI embeds an older version of wpa supplicant, possibly you are trying to connect to a network with a newer encryption standard like WPA3. I don’t that’s too unreasonable for a 15 year old computerby jamesy0ung
2/19/2026 at 4:23:13 AM
Thanks for the explanation! Makes sense. Unreasonable? To me, no. Makes complete sense given the age. BUT it doesn't support, IMO, "Apple is the opposite of planned obsolescence". Yes, tech nerds can do tech nerd things to make it work...that's not a "plan".I apologize if that came off harsh. I feel like your comment had a different angle/context than where I took it. Apologies if so.
Microsoft hate is easy to come by on HN (I get it), so I don't like seeing a Apple's coincidental victories magnified in one of the few areas Microsoft does well as a feature.
by muhaccount
2/19/2026 at 6:51:50 AM
Things stopping to function perfectly because operating environment has changed drastically over a significant period of time is pretty much the polar opposite of planned obsolescence.Even devices that don't suffer from planned obsolescence can and do become obsolete.
by JasonADrury
2/19/2026 at 12:56:14 PM
That’s not planned obsolescence. Your home network migrated to a new key exchange protocol that didn’t exist in 2011. That’s on you our your router manufacturer.by adastra22
2/19/2026 at 5:26:55 AM
I can't remember now -- I have a WPA3 network, and I also have a WPA2 network, and an IOT network. I agree it would be reasonable for WPA3 to not work, but I'm pretty sure I was trying WPA2. Regardless, it's something I ran into.by rconti
2/19/2026 at 3:34:48 AM
Downgrading network to 2.4G is probably all they needed.by Svoka
2/19/2026 at 4:50:28 AM
I assume that's what- Fall back to old IOT SSID with ancient protocols
meant 2.4G and not WPA3.
by degamad
2/19/2026 at 6:00:32 AM
Probably this- my IOT network forces 2.4GHz, whereas my WPA2 and WPA3 networks both use 2.4 and 5GHz on the same SSID.by rconti
2/19/2026 at 6:45:45 PM
If a device only supports 2.4Ghz, wouldn't it only see the 2.4 option? Just having a network available that the device's radios can't even see shouldn't break anything. (I'm personally leaning towards WPA3 being the problem)by yjftsjthsd-h
2/19/2026 at 11:01:36 AM
> But yeah. Man, the desktop was so beautiful and refreshing.". . . that new user interface builds on Apple's Legacy and carries it into the next century and we call that new user interface Aqua because it's liquid. One of the design goals was when you saw it you wanted to lick it . . ."
Steve Job, Macworld San Francisco 2000: https://youtu.be/Ko4V3G4NqII?t=405
by wolfhumble
2/19/2026 at 1:25:01 AM
I did this and considered it the easy way of installing an OS on a Mac circa 2011 vs. DVD then messing around updating that ...> Plug USB stick into target Mac, copy installer to desktop, run it
Apple has a whole page on making a bootable USB, it can save you a step: https://support.apple.com/en-us/101578
by skhr0680
2/19/2026 at 5:21:12 AM
If the bootable USB even works. Monterey won't, or any out of support OS.by FireBeyond
2/18/2026 at 11:34:34 PM
My best guess is the macbook is freaking out over the combined 2.4 + 5ghz network. It used to be standard to have these with two different SSIDs. Or you have WPA3 required, though I'd think you'd experience issues with many devices doing that.by Gigachad
2/19/2026 at 1:00:34 AM
My first thought was incompatible version of 802.11[a-z] as well.by dylan604
2/19/2026 at 8:04:57 AM
I had to do a fresh install on a 2015 iMac. Same problems with the SSL certificates. I found it rather shocking that a 10 year old computer cannot be booted anymore, and as far as I understand it it's mostly because apple chooses to serve certificates with poor backwards compatibility on a domain that is used for updates, which is just lazy.by lebuin
2/19/2026 at 9:17:22 AM
Temporarily disable dual-band wifi and go to 2.4. Temporarly open the network with no WPA - should be good to goby Angostura
2/19/2026 at 5:33:16 AM
I bought one of those old Apple brand USB Ethernet adapters for pennies on eBay which can help to have on hand in situations like this.by qingcharles
2/19/2026 at 1:16:49 PM
I have an old iPad and a not that old MacBook Pro maybe 2017?) which both are almost useless as they cannot connect to many WiFi routers.Any work arounds?
by wodenokoto
2/19/2026 at 2:10:26 PM
What issues did you have? I have a 2016 (catalina) and a 2017 MBP (ventura) and they connect to my ubiquiti AP (5G / WPA3) at least. Haven’t tried others in a long time. I do have completely separate 2.4 and 5 GHz SSIDs so that may be related.I did have issues with these machines running Linux due to driver support (broadcom BCM43xx) but USB to ethernet worked fine.
by clairegraham
2/19/2026 at 4:06:35 PM
A cheap linksys that has 2.4 and 5 separated is elusive to my 2011 iPad (and so are my AirPods Pro making the other wise beautiful screen on the iPad useless for watching movies at the gym) and the MacBook Pro won’t connect to school WiFi making it useless as a hand-down to my nephew.No one at school knows anything technical about the WiFi as it’s supplied by a 3rd party.
Both are running latest available software.
by wodenokoto
2/19/2026 at 2:00:34 PM
I had to reinstall MacOS Lion manually recently, as Macs do not have a BIOS and require a MacOS environment to begin installing Windows. I was installing Windows on legacy Macs, because it gives me 30+ years of software and performs well, unlike MacOS (5 years software if lucky, unusably slow performance on older hardware). I intentionally did it all the hard way offline from a Windows host, so that I could replicate it without depending on someone else's flakey servers (which incidentally refused to serve me OS installer images)I detest crummy Unix-style online stub installers and package managers, because the original downloads are always down when you need them, and it's much harder than it should be to force offline replicable reinstallation.
by pidgeon_lover
2/19/2026 at 3:13:25 PM
To my recollection on the machines that shipped with Lion (circa 2011) you’ll want to set up a protective MBR with the appropriate drive dimensions on the GPT, to get it to install windows like with boot camp.To my recollection on machines with discrete GPUs this is what triggers the appropriate hardware configuration (BIOS boot, disabling the internal GPU and switching the MUX to only route via the AMD card)
But I do recall getting the internal GPU working with this trick https://github.com/0xbb/apple_set_os.efi
by Tsiklon
2/19/2026 at 10:11:11 AM
That era of macOS had a kind of clarity and restraint that’s hard to describeby eleveriven
2/19/2026 at 2:53:36 AM
Yeah LOTS of devices are iced out of wifi because wifi devices started combining the 2.4ghz and 5ghz SSIDs to the same nameand for whatever reason 2.4ghz only devices cant find the SSID unless you if there is a name conflict on the 5ghz frequency
its also less likely that you have access to the router now to change the SSID
by yieldcrv
2/19/2026 at 12:58:48 PM
> and for whatever reason 2.4ghz only devices cant find the SSID unless you if there is a name conflict on the 5ghz frequencyHuh? Is this true? It doesn’t make intuitive sense to me—if the device doesn’t have a 5ghz radio I would expect it to be physically impossible for the 5ghz network to interfere.
by Wowfunhappy
2/19/2026 at 3:35:19 PM
I've had this issue too on older devices, until I made the SSIDs different by suffixing 2ghz and 5ghz to each one. I think I've had it happen both on an older Android and older MacBook but it was a while ago, could be misremembering.by embedding-shape
2/19/2026 at 7:11:31 PM
I think enough of us were running dual-band networks sharing the same SSID back in the day that doing so now cannot be the entire reason for things not working.by wtallis
2/19/2026 at 8:57:34 PM
"band steering" implementation from the router side is the issueby yieldcrv
2/19/2026 at 8:57:09 PM
It's called Band Steering and it messes up older devices. Its truely an L direction that the wifi industry has gone, its a reaction to overcrowding of the 2.4Ghz spectrum by automatically moving capable devices to the 5Ghz SSIDso happens that its not backwards compatible very well to 2.4Ghz only devices. Not because of the frequency itself but because of the band steering implementation from the router
by yieldcrv
2/19/2026 at 10:08:36 PM
Can you explain? Is the router not actually sending out the 2.4Ghz network, or sending it at too low power?by Wowfunhappy
2/19/2026 at 10:17:20 AM
It was designed to hydrate the soul.by andai
2/19/2026 at 3:23:59 AM
Or you can do things the easy way and install a Kubuntu 25.10 and have all good modern amenities without a fight.by greenavocado
2/19/2026 at 5:28:37 AM
I started as a desktop Linux user in 1994 and I can guarantee you it would have been more work for me to install Kubuntu for the first time :)Regardless, this one is going on eBay, so it's probably best for it to be running the latest Apple OS. Whether the $60-or-whatever I get for it is worth the hassle is another story.
by rconti
2/19/2026 at 5:14:05 AM
LOL, yes.I just tried to put Monterey on a 2021 MBP and holy hell.
USB installer. "Not supported OS, you can quit, or install in reduced security mode". Reduced security is fine for me.
"Installation of Reduced Security failed." Cool.
"Get the IPSW and do a DFU install". Nah, you can't do that. "Drag the IPSW onto the target Mac where it says DFU in Apple Configurator". Nope. No error, just nope.
Dig dig dig. "You might need to do this from an older computer. Even an Intel MBP running Ventura". Hey look, I have one!
Alright, install Apple Configurator.
"Nope. You need Sequoia to install Configurator."
Jesus wept. This is an OS that is 4 years old, on a 5 year old laptop. Apple, "It just works".
Find an old version of Configurator from some guy on Reddit that zipped one up.
Now we can do an IPSW install.
Good luck, mortals.
by FireBeyond
2/19/2026 at 7:23:09 AM
Helped an aqaintance set up a new computer with pre installed Windows 11 a while ago. As in Windows was already on there. How hard could it be?Just getting past the mandatory online account ID took us half an hour, and only worked because she was diligent in writing down her password for Skype 10 years ago which somehow (I realize why but it's insane) now is her Microsoft account and involved in logging in to Windows. Then we stared at a non-interactive initial update screen for another half an hour before it offered the option to postpone updates. I assume if you ship your new computer somewhere without Internet, you simply cannot use it?! And of course all the dumb dark patterns, as if designed by a scumbag pick-up artist.
Then I had to deal with Windows file sharing to copy stuff from the old PC which was exactly as intuitive as it was in LAN parties around 2000 (used mostly the same UI, as well); but at least unlike the new quick share features worked eventually.
Don't get me started on how we got her old printer to work. It's still a miracle to me and involved multiple reinstalls of multiple drivers and finally digging through to a Windows 2000 era dialog listing various printer interfaces and manually selecting the right one that at some point popped up. I was all but convinced she'd need to buy a new one.
by morsch
2/19/2026 at 8:50:23 PM
I mean, I agree, and that is one of the reasons I left the Windows ecosystem. My partner has Windows on her work laptop and ... oof.But still...
> I assume if you ship your new computer somewhere without Internet, you simply cannot use it?!
This is true of new Macs too, for the MDM enrollment check. The OOTB installer will not complete without internet access. Back in the days of Monterey you could "black hole" those DNS records, but not any more. No functional access to at least half-a-dozen Apple services and you cannot complete OS installation.
by FireBeyond